Final answer:
The primary nursing concern for patients on benzodiazepines is respiratory depression, due to their effect as central nervous system depressants, especially when combined with other depressants or in overdose situations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The number one nursing concern for a patient taking benzodiazepines (BZDs) is respiratory depression. Benzodiazepines are central nervous system depressants that can sedate, induce sleep, prevent seizures, and relieve anxiety. While they have a lower risk of abuse compared to barbiturates, benzodiazepines still carry significant risks, especially when used in combination with other CNS depressants like alcohol and opioids, or in cases of overdose.
Benzodiazepines, including commonly prescribed ones such as alprazolam (Xanax®), diazepam (Valium®), and lorazepam (Ativan®), can lead to serious consequences when taken in excess or along with other depressants. These consequences include sluggishness, incoordination, and shallow breathing. In severe cases, this can progress to coma or death due to their impact on respiratory function.