Final answer:
The use of metformin during procedures requiring contrast media can result in lactic acidosis, a condition characterized by the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a patient undergoing a medical procedure requires an injection of contrast media, taking metformin can lead to a serious condition known as lactic acidosis. This complication arises due to the fact that both contrast media and metformin can impair kidney function, which in turn can lead to the accumulation of metformin and lactate in the bloodstream. Lactic acidosis is characterized by the build-up of lactic acid leading to a low pH in body tissues and blood, and it is manifested by symptoms such as muscle pain, breathing difficulties, and an increased heart rate. Due to the risk of lactic acidosis, guidelines often recommend discontinuing metformin before procedures involving contrast media and closely monitoring renal function. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to be mindful of this potential interaction to prevent severe metabolic disturbances in patients.