Final answer:
The answer to the question is 'd) Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA),' which was enacted in 1996 and sets standards for protecting patient information confidentiality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The legislation that evolved from issues related to the protection of patient information is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Passed into law in 1996, HIPAA sets standards for maintaining the confidentiality of patient records by businesses such as insurance companies and healthcare providers. This act aimed to protect against unauthorized, nonconsensual release of individually identifiable health information, securing the privacy rights of patients and preventing potential discrimination based on one's genetic makeup.
It is important to note that HIPAA is different from the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), which was signed into law in 2010 with the goal of bringing the United States closer to universal healthcare coverage. While PPACA focuses on healthcare accessibility and coverage, HIPAA specifically addresses the privacy and security of health information.