Final answer:
RNA Polymerase II binds to a promoter region, including the TATA box and other regulatory elements, and not a specific sequence of base pairs as suggested by the options. It takes three RNA letters, called codons, to code for one amino acid. Complementary base pairing is fundamental for DNA structure and the function of RNA molecules like tRNA in protein synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question pertains to the consensus sequence binding of RNA Polymerase II (RDBP). The correct answer is not provided as the options you listed (a) 6 base pairs, (b) 8 base pairs, (c) 10 base pairs, and (d) 12 base pairs) do not accurately describe the binding size of RNA Polymerase II to its consensus sequence. RNA Polymerase II binds to a promoter region which includes the TATA box sequence (typically 25-35 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site) and other regulatory elements; however, the specific number of base pairs to which the polymerase directly binds during transcription initiation is a complex matter and can vary depending upon the context of the question. It is safer to know that the core promoter sequence is wider than just a few base pairs.
In relation to the reference information, it takes three letters of an RNA molecule, in sequence, to provide the code for a single amino acid, which is option (C). This three-base sequence in mRNA is called a codon. Complementary base pairs are crucial for the structure of RNA molecules as they contribute to the intramolecular base pairing, creating structures like hairpin loops that are important in RNA processing and function. The two complementary base pairs of DNA are adenine (A) with thymine (T), which have two hydrogen bonds, and cytosine (C) with guanine (G), which have three hydrogen bonds.
tRNA molecules are an example of RNA with extensive intramolecular base pairing, containing an amino acid binding site and an mRNA binding site, which plays a critical role in the translation of mRNA into proteins.