Final answer:
The types of sensors used in area or space protection systems are mainly infrared, microwave, and ultrasonic. These sensors detect motion or objects using different technologies, including the analysis of echoes akin to how sonar and radar systems function.
Step-by-step explanation:
The types of sensors used in area or space protection systems are typically infrared, microwave, and ultrasonic. These technologies are employed to detect motion, measure distance, and protect spaces by utilizing different portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Infrared sensors detect heat signatures, microwave sensors leverage radar technology to detect objects and motion, and ultrasonic sensors use high-frequency sound waves to detect objects or motion through echolocation. For example, in the case of ultrasonics, echoes from ultrasonic waves are analyzed to provide distance information, much like how bats and submarines use sonar to navigate and sense the environment around them. Similarly, radar uses microwaves to detect and time echoes from objects such as aircraft and surface features on other planets. These sensor technologies enable a wide range of applications in security and automation.