Final answer:
Osseous surgery is performed to correct bone defects and restore contours, involving the manipulation of osseous tissue by an orthopedist.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is D) Osseous surgery. Osseous surgery is a procedure performed to remove defects and to restore normal contours in the bone. This type of surgery is related to osseous tissue, which is the hard, dense connective tissue that forms the structural elements of the skeleton. The procedure often involves the modeling process that occurs during bone growth, where bone is resorbed on one surface and deposited on another. An orthopedist is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating musculoskeletal disorders and injuries, including performing osseous surgery. An important concept in bone health and surgery is the nutrient foramen, which is a small opening in the external surface of the diaphysis of a bone, through which an artery enters to provide nourishment.