Final answer:
The pear-shaped structure found behind the maxillary central incisors is the incisive papilla, serving as an important landmark in dental anatomy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pear-shaped structure formed by dense connective tissue and located directly posterior to the maxillary central incisors is the incisive papilla. It is not to be confused with structures such as the uvula, which is a fleshy bead of tissue that hangs from the soft palate, or the palatine rugae, which are the ridges on the roof of the mouth. The incisive papilla covers the incisive foramen and is an important landmark in dental anatomy.