Question

Severe cases of Respiratory Distress Syndrome require ventilation with _________.

a) Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
b) Nasal cannula
c) Simple face mask
d) Endotracheal tube

Answer 1

Severe cases of Respiratory Distress Syndrome typically require ventilation with an Endotracheal tube, which allows for direct air support and delivery of treatments such as pulmonary surfactant.

Step-by-step explanation:

Severe cases of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) require ventilation with d) an Endotracheal tube. During the intubation procedure, this tube is inserted into the patient's airway, allowing air to bypass any obstructed area and reach the lungs. In infants with RDS, it facilitates the delivery of ventilation and pulmonary surfactant therapy which has significantly reduced mortality rates by 50 percent. While less severe cases may be managed with Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP), a mechanical ventilator, often connected to an endotracheal tube, is necessary for more critical support, ensuring sufficient oxygen reaches the bloodstream and aiding in proper lung development.