Final answer:
During an EGD, throat discomfort and nausea are common due to the insertion and movement of the scope. GERD and indigestion, conditions often related to such procedures, involve symptoms like heartburn and upper abdominal discomfort, which may suggest an underlying issue such as gastritis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two common discomforts during an EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) are throat discomfort and nausea. These discomforts can occur as the flexible scope is passed through the throat and into the stomach and duodenum to examine the upper digestive tract. Throat discomfort is often due to the presence of the scope, and patients may feel a sensation similar to having something stuck in their throat. Nausea can be triggered by the manipulation of the scope within the stomach and can also result from the patient's gag reflex being stimulated.
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) and indigestion are two conditions related to dysfunction in digestion which can sometimes be improved by lifestyle changes such as adjusting diet. GERD often involves acid reflux causing heartburn, whereas indigestion can present a range of symptoms including upper abdominal discomfort, nausea, and belching, without clear organic disease in many cases. However, they can also be symptomatic of underlying conditions such as gastritis.