Final answer:
According to Aristotle, the function of man is to achieve happiness, or 'eudaimonia', through the practice and perfection of rationality which is our unique feature. Human flourishing is realized by cultivating virtues and engaging in rational social and political activities.
Step-by-step explanation:
For Aristotle, the function of man is tied intricately to the concept of eudaimonia, or flourishing. His ethical framework posits that all things have a purpose, and the purpose of human beings is to achieve happiness, which involves the fulfillment and perfection of their unique feature - rationality. Aristotle's ethics encompass the systematization of Plato's ideas, utilizing his own doctrines such as the four causes and a functional conception of the soul.
Eudaimonia is not merely about temporary pleasure, but about living life in a virtuous way, with virtue being defined as a habit or character trait. Human flourishing, according to Aristotle, is achieved by exercising reason, which is the distinct function or purpose of humans. The essence of virtue in individuals manifests through consistent rational behavior and proper habituation.
In his work, Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle further explores these concepts, stating that humans, as social beings, must engage in rational discussion and participate in political life to fulfill their potential. This illustrates the deep connection between personal ethics and political theory in Aristotle's philosophy. Thus, Aristotle's conception of the human function is fundamentally linked to practical wisdom, virtuous character development, and active engagement with society's political structures for the common good.