Final answer:
Impaired circulation in the lower extremities can be caused by Peripheral artery disease (PAD) due to atherosclerosis, leading to intermittent claudication, and by varicose veins and edema, which can result from defective vein valves or certain medications.
Step-by-step explanation:
An abnormality that can result in impaired circulation in the lower extremities is Peripheral artery disease (PAD), which occurs from the narrowing of the arteries due to atherosclerosis. PAD usually affects the legs and can manifest as leg pain while walking, a condition known as intermittent claudication, which often resolves with rest. Additional symptoms may include ulcers, bluish or cold skin, and weak nail and hair growth on the legs. However, nearly 50% of PAD cases are asymptomatic.
Another condition leading to impaired circulation is varicose veins, which develop when defective valves in veins cause blood to accumulate, leading to distended, twisted veins that can be painful and itchy. Edema, or the accumulation of fluid in tissues leading to swelling, can also accompany varicose veins and result from factors like prolonged standing or sitting, or the use of certain medications such as vasodilators and calcium channel blockers.
It's crucial to identify and manage these conditions as they can worsen over time and lead to more serious complications.