Final answer:
You must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt only in a criminal case, not in a civil case; hence, the answer is B) No, Civil Law. Both state and federal courts hear civil and criminal law cases, so the answer is c) both civil and criminal law. The law allows for civil and criminal trials without double jeopardy, due to different standards of proof and purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The standard to prove guilt in civil and criminal cases differs significantly. In a criminal trial, the defendant must be proven guilty "beyond a reasonable doubt", which is a very high standard of proof due to the severe consequences such as imprisonment or even death. On the other hand, in a civil case, the standard of proof is "preponderance of the evidence", meaning that the evidence must simply weigh more in favor of one side than the other. Thus, the correct answer to the question 'Do you need to prove a person is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt for both civil and criminal cases?' is B) No, Civil Law.
When considering which types of law state and federal courts can hear, the answer is c) both civil and criminal law.
The law permits someone to be tried in both civil and criminal courts for the same incident without violating the prohibition on double jeopardy because civil and criminal trials serve different legal purposes and have distinct standards of proof.