Final answer:
Sciatic nerve paralysis is the condition associated with dystocia in a calf presented in a posterior position. This happens due to the pressure on the sciatic nerve during a challenging birth process.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of nerve paralysis that is consistent with dystocia, where the calf is presented in a posterior presentation, is sciatic nerve paralysis (c). During dystocia, particularly when a calf's hind limbs are presented first, excessive pressure can be placed on the sciatic nerve due to its anatomical position in proximity to the pelvis and the femur. If the birth process is prolonged or if there is traumatic delivery, the nerve can be compressed or stretched causing paralysis.
Sciatic nerve damage can result in the calf being unable to extend its hock(s), stand, or show proper reflex responses in the affected limb(s). Careful delivery techniques, and sometimes veterinary intervention, are required to mitigate the risk of such injuries during calving. Observing proper birthing practices and being mindful of the calf's positioning can minimize instances of nerve damage in livestock.