Final answer:
Polioencephalomalacia is the condition that may occur in bovines overdosed with amprolium, due to thiamine deficiency which impairs brain function.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a bovine is overdosed with amprolium, the disease/condition that may occur is polioencephalomalacia. Polioencephalomalacia is a neurological disease in cattle characterized by the softening of the grey matter in the brain, and it can be caused by an overdose of thiamine analogs like amprolium. Amprolium functions by mimicking thiamine (vitamin B1), inhibiting its uptake, and leading to a deficiency. This deficiency impairs the normal function of the brain due to the lack of essential metabolic reactions that require thiamine as a coenzyme, leading to the characteristic lesions and neurological symptoms seen in polioencephalomalacia.