Final answer:
The chief goal of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) was to modernize the Ottoman Empire, establish a constitutional government, and foster a Turkish national identity during the early 20th century.
Step-by-step explanation:
Goals of the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP)
The question appears to be about the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), often known as the “Young Turks,” which was a political movement that played a central role in the history of the Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century. The chief goal of the CUP was to reform the Ottoman Empire and modernize it along European lines, to centralize and rationalize the government, and to create a sense of Turkish national identity. This movement aimed to replace the absolute monarchy of the Sultan with a constitutional government and is known for contributing to the empire’s transition toward a more secular and nationalist administration. However, they also became associated with policies that led to ethnic turmoil within the empire, including the Armenian Genocide.
It is important to clarify that the question does mention other unrelated “cups,” such as the Golden Cup of Nestor and the Black polished incised ware cup, which are archaeological artifacts and have no direct connection to the political goals of the CUP in Ottoman history.