Final answer:
Concurrent powers are those shared between the states and the federal government, including taxing, lawmaking, and establishing courts, under the U.S. system of federalism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that describes powers of governing that are shared between the states and the federal government is known as concurrent powers. These include various responsibilities such as taxing, borrowing money, making and enforcing laws, and establishing court systems. The United States Constitution outlines the division of powers, ensuring a balance through the structure of federalism. This arrangement allows both state and federal governments to exercise authority in some of the same domains, thereby supporting a functional and flexible system of governance.
Cooperative federalism further defines the relationship where both the state and national governments work together to solve problems, creating a blended system much like a marble cake. This collaboration has led to the existence of shared powers being a key component of modern U.S. federalism.