Final answer:
Acts are broad legislative frameworks passed by Parliament, like the Occupational Health and Safety Act 2011, which provide general health and safety guidelines. Regulations are detailed, technical rules made under an Act to enforce and give specifics to those guidelines, such as safety standards for equipment or exposure limits for hazardous substances. Regulations are often detailed by agencies like OSHA and require a thorough rulemaking process that includes public input.
Step-by-step explanation:
The difference between Acts and regulations in the context of the Australian Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) 2011 revolves around the level of detail and the process by which they are created. An Act, such as the OHSA, is legislation passed by Parliament that sets out the broad principles and frameworks for health and safety in the workplace. It establishes the right for workers to know about health and safety hazards and requires employers to provide information essential for safe working conditions.
On the other hand, regulations are detailed rules made under the authority of an Act. They specify the technical and operational requirements that must be complied with. For example, regulations may stipulate limits on exposure to hazardous chemicals, requirements for personal protective equipment, and procedures to prevent accidents with dangerous machinery. Regulations are generally developed by administrative agencies, like the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which have the expertise to tackle complex technical issues. These agencies often undergo a comprehensive process involving public engagement, notice, and comment periods before regulations are finalized.
Enforcement is another key area where Acts and regulations differ. OSHA, for instance, oversees the enforcement of its standards through inspections and can impose fines for non-compliance, reflecting the practical application of the law in workplaces. Regulatory enforcement ensures that the detailed safety measures outlined by regulations are actually implemented and adhered to by employers and employees.