Final answer:
Civil rights such as protection from police misconduct and voting protections in federal elections were granted or clarified after the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and the Fourteenth Amendment were established. However, rights such as protection against self-incrimination and trial by jury were included in the original Bill of Rights and not granted afterward. The Fourteenth Amendment has played a crucial role in ensuring these rights were expanded to apply to state actions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Many civil rights Americans enjoy were established in the Constitution and the Bill of Rights and were expanded to apply to state governments through the Fourteenth Amendment. When considering the rights granted to Americans after the adoption of the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and the Fourteenth Amendment, it's important to identify which specific rights were further developed over time.
Some rights have indeed been granted or clarified through subsequent amendments, legislation, and Supreme Court decisions, For instance, the protection from police misconduct is a more recent development largely shaped by Supreme Court interpretations of the Fourth Amendment (unreasonable searches and seizures) and due process protections of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Additionally, the protection when voting in federal elections has been reinforced by amendments like the Nineteenth Amendment (women's suffrage), the Twenty-fourth Amendment (elimination of poll taxes), and the Twenty-sixth Amendment (voting age set to 18). However, protections like protection against self-incrimination and trial by jury are rights that were included in the Bill of Rights from the outset, through the Fifth and Sixth Amendments, respectively.
While some legal protections have been refined over time, the Fourteenth Amendment itself was pivotal in ensuring that no state could make or enforce a law that would abridge the rights granted by the Constitution to any citizen. Consequently, most rights laid down at the founding of the nation have been expanded upon and interpreted in the light of changing social standards and judicial review, rather than granted anew after the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted.