Final answer:
The Islamic Revolution of 1979 resulted in Iran becoming an Islamic republic led by Ayatollah Khomeini and drew a deep societal division between Islamic fundamentalists and moderate reformers. It also significantly impacted Iran's foreign relations, particularly with the United States, exemplified by the Iran Hostage Crisis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Islamic Revolution, which occurred in Iran in 1979, had significant outcomes that reshaped the country's political and social structure. One of the primary results was the establishment of an Islamic republic with a theocratic government led by Ayatollah Khomeini. This transition represented a significant shift from the westernized and secular regime of the Shah to a government that intertwined religious doctrine with state policies. Under the new constitution, Islamic law, or Sharia, became the foundation of all legal codes, and Islam was declared the state religion.The revolution also had profound effects on international relations, notably the Iran Hostage Crisis, where students supporting the revolution held American embassy staff hostage. This event soured Iran-US relations for decades and contributed to the United States backing Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War. Domestically, the revolution prompted the creation of a divided society with tensions between conservative Islamic fundamentalists and moderate reformers, a rift that helped set the stage for future conflicts.In conclusion, the Islamic Revolution resulted in Iran transforming into a theocratic state which had implications both within Iran and in its international relationships, particularly with the United States. The revolution also deepened societal divisions between those seeking to maintain a conservative religious state and those pushing for modernization and reform.