Final answer:
The authors of The Federalist Papers aimed to persuade Americans, particularly in New York, to support and ratify the new Constitution by highlighting the necessity and benefits of a strong national government.
Step-by-step explanation:
The authors' main objective in writing The Federalist Papers was to convince Americans, particularly New Yorkers, to support the ratification of the new Constitution. The papers explained the need for a strong national government and the benefits of the federal system with its checks and balances. Authored by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, these essays addressed various issues such as the prevention of tyranny, the dangers of disunion, and the impracticality of separate confederacies. Among the notable essays, Federalist No. 39 explained the unique Republican government proposed by the Founding Fathers. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is B. To encourage New York to ratify the Constitution.