Final answer:
James Madison in Federalist No. 10 states that large republics are better at controlling factions because a wide variety of interests makes it harder for any one faction to dominate, and a larger republic is more likely to have enlightened representatives advocating for the general good.
Step-by-step explanation:
The author, James Madison, presents several arguments in support of large republics in controlling factions within Federalist No. 10. The first argument states that a larger republic can prevent local interests from becoming too dominant, as the variety of interests in a broad nation balances each other out. The other key arguments include:
- Representation: A larger republic will have a broader and more enlightened group of representatives. These representatives can look beyond local prejudices and advocate for justice and the general good.
- Diversity of Parties: With more varied and numerous parties and interests, it is less likely that any single group can unify to oppress others. This diversity creates a protection against the tyranny of the majority.
- Republican Government as a Check: A republican government, with its system of representation, is believed to be a guard against the tyranny that can occur in smaller democracies where factions may more easily unite for oppressive purposes.
Madison argues that the varied and numerous interests in a large republic, such as the United States, make it difficult for factions to form a majority strong enough to oppress minority interests, thus safeguarding individual rights and limiting the potential for governmental abuse.