Final answer:
The pathology in question is alienation, which Karl Marx associated with individuals feeling isolated from their society, work, or self. Adolescents especially may experience this during their years of identity formation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The core pathology that involves the rejection of roles and values perceived to be alien to oneself is known as alienation. Karl Marx described modern society in terms of alienation, which refers to the condition in which the individual feels isolated and divorced from their society, work, or sense of self. Marx identified four types of alienation which included alienation of the worker from the product of their labor, the process of labor, other workers, and from aspects of themselves as people when they are unable to express their individuality within their work or they feel it is meaningless.
In the context of adolescence, identity versus role confusion is a significant developmental challenge. Adolescents who fail to establish a clear identity may experience confusion and a poor sense of self, displaying symptoms akin to Marx's concept of alienation. Furthermore, the rejection of political ideology can also be seen as a form of alienation when individuals or groups distance themselves from conventional norms and values of society.