Final answer:
Specific volume, internal energy, and enthalpy at the initial state, as well as energy at the final state, require steam table data, which isn't provided. Water at 3 bar and 40 °C is in the liquid phase according to the phase diagram. The method for calculation involves looking up values in steam tables and multiplying by the mass of water.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the specific volume, specific internal energy, and specific enthalpy of water at 3 bar and 150 °C in a rigid vessel, we must refer to the steam tables for water under these conditions. Unfortunately, we cannot provide specific numerical values without these tables. However, we can understand the method which involves locating the pressure and temperature in the steam tables and reading the corresponding values for specific volume (v), specific internal energy (u), and specific enthalpy (h).
Total energy and total enthalpy at the initial state can be found by multiplying the specific internal energy and specific enthalpy by the mass of the water (1 kg in this case).
Upon cooling to 40 °C, the phases of H2O can be determined using the H2O phase diagram and the pressure of 3 bar. Given the information, water at 3 bar and 40 °C exists as a liquid phase since it falls within the typical liquid range on the diagram, between the solid and vapor phase boundaries at this pressure.
For total internal energy and total enthalpy at the final state, one would again refer to the steam tables to find the specific values at 40 °C and 3 bar, then multiply by the mass to obtain total values.