Final answer:
The phase diagram of benzene involves plotting temperature versus pressure, marking the melting point, boiling point, triple point, and critical point, and drawing lines to represent phase equilibria. The diagram identifies regions where benzene exists in solid, liquid, or gas states.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sketching the Phase Diagram of Benzene
To sketch the phase diagram of benzene, we need to plot temperature (T) on the y-axis and pressure (P) on the x-axis. We will mark three important points: the melting point, boiling point, and the triple point. At the melting point (279 K), benzene transitions from solid to liquid, and at the boiling point (353 K), it transitions from liquid to gas. The critical point (Tc = 562 K, Pc = 48.4 atm) indicates the temperature and pressure above which benzene cannot exist as a liquid regardless of pressure. Lastly, the triple point (0.05 atm, 279 K) is where solid, liquid, and gas phases coexist in equilibrium.
On the diagram, we will draw:
The areas enclosed by these lines represent the solid, liquid, and gas phases of benzene. Remember, to the left of the sublimation curve is where benzene exists as a solid, between the sublimation curve and vaporization curve is where it is a liquid, and to the right of the vaporization curve is where it exists as a gas.