Final answer:
According to Freud, Katrinka's behavior of making nasty comments about her teachers illustrates the powerful influence of the superego.
Step-by-step explanation:
Katrinka's habit of making nasty and hostile comments about her teachers can be understood through Freud's theory of personality. According to Freud, the three components of personality are the id, ego, and superego. In this case, Freud would suggest that Katrinka's behavior illustrates the powerful influence of the superego, which represents the internalized social rules and moral standards that she has learned from her interactions with others, including teachers. The superego acts as a conscience and can lead to feelings of guilt when one falls short of societal expectations.