Final answer:
Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a chronic condition defined by blood pressure readings of 140/90 mm Hg or higher. It's a leading risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, hence managing it through lifestyle changes or medication is crucial. Atherosclerosis also contributes to cardiovascular risks and can be managed with similar preventive measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Hypertension
Hypertension, often termed as high blood pressure, is a condition where blood pressure in the arteries is consistently elevated, typically at or above 140/90 mm Hg. This sustained elevation poses a significant risk factor for related cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, among others. Hypertension is frequently referred to as the 'silent killer' because it may not exhibit symptoms, yet it can lead to severe health implications such as kidney disease or vision loss.
Prevention and Treatment
Lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet and regular exercise, play a crucial role in the management and prevention of hypertension. Dietary choices such as consuming foods low in sodium and rich in potassium like spinach, beans, and bananas can be beneficial. Beyond lifestyle choices, medication may also be necessary to manage blood pressure effectively. Treatments aim to lower blood pressure and the overall risk of developing serious cardiovascular events.
Atherosclerosis, characterized by the buildup of plaques within the artery walls, can also contribute to cardiovascular disease. A healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet, exercise, and avoiding tobacco can mitigate the progression of this disease and, in conjunction, reduce the potential for heart disease.