Final answer:
The brain processes sensory information and directs motor responses through the central nervous system, with the spinal cord serving as an information superhighway. Sensory nerves carry input to the brain and motor nerves deliver commands to the body.
Step-by-step explanation:
The information flow around the brain to execute actions involves complex processes in which the brain plays a central role. The brain is considered the control center of the nervous system, integrating sensory information, processing it, and then directing motor responses to execute actions. The spinal cord functions as an information superhighway, forwarding messages between the brain and different parts of the body. Sensory (afferent) nerves bring data to the brain, where it is processed; then motor (efferent) nerves convey commands from the brain to muscles and glands throughout the body. Furthermore, the cerebellum is critical for motor coordination, while the brain stem acts as an essential pathway for sensory and motor systems. The CNS (central nervous system), composed of the brain and spinal cord, has a specialized blood supply safeguarded by the blood-brain barrier, ensuring the brain's constant perfusion and proper functioning.