Final answer:
Familial hypercholesterolemia leads to increased levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood due to defective LDL receptors, enhancing the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease. Option 1 is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
During familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), the primary occurrence is increased levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood. FH is a genetic condition characterized by high cholesterol levels, which mainly affects the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or "bad" cholesterol.
The condition results from mutations affecting the functionality of the LDL receptor, leading to decreased clearance of LDL from the bloodstream, and consequently, a build-up of LDL particles. This condition can significantly increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease due to the accumulation of plaque in the arteries.