Question

In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur, what conditions must be met?

1) Adequate surface area for gas exchange
2) Thin respiratory membrane
3) Good blood supply
4) All of the above

Answer 1

Efficient pulmonary gas exchange requires an adequate surface area, a thin respiratory membrane, and good blood supply. All of these conditions are vital for the proper diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The correct answer is 4) All of the above.

Step-by-step explanation:

In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur, several conditions must be met:

1. Adequate surface area for gas exchange: This is crucial because the lungs contain approximately 300 million alveoli, creating a surface area of about 75 m². This large surface area facilitates the movement of gases between the air spaces in the lungs and the bloodstream.
2. Thin respiratory membrane: The respiratory membrane is formed by the alveolar and capillary walls and is approximately 0.5 mm thick. This allows for simple diffusion of gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide.
3. Good blood supply: The pulmonary capillaries wrap around the alveoli and are essential for conveying oxygen to the body's tissues and removing carbon dioxide from the bloodstream.

Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is 4) All of the above, as each of these factors is essential for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to take place.