Final answer:
Respondent behavior is reflexive and involuntary, while operant behavior is voluntary and goal-directed. The term 'operant' refers to behavior that operates on the environment and is influenced by consequences.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the experimental analysis of behavior, there are two types of behavior: respondent behavior and operant behavior. Respondent behavior refers to behavior that occurs automatically in response to a specific stimulus. It is considered to be reflexive and involuntary. An example of respondent behavior is salivating when food is presented.
On the other hand, operant behavior is behavior that operates on the environment in order to produce certain consequences. It is considered to be voluntary and goal-directed. Operant behavior is influenced by the consequences it produces, which can be either reinforcement or punishment. An example of operant behavior is a dog performing a trick in order to receive a treat.
The term 'operant' refers to the fact that this type of behavior operates on the environment and is influenced by its consequences. It comes from the Latin word 'operari,' which means 'to work.'