Final answer:
Option (1), The 'arch' prefix in words like 'architect' and 'archbishop' means chief or principal, referring to the highest authority. In architecture, an 'arch' is a curved structural element that supports weight.
Step-by-step explanation:
The word 'arch' in the context of 'arch/archi/archy' signifies a position of primacy or highest authority, referencing a title or descriptor that identifies the person or thing as the chief, principal, or ruler within a specific context or domain. Within various words, such as 'architect,' where 'arch' indicates the chief builder, or 'archbishop,' denoting the principal bishop with highest authority in a region, the Greek root 'arkhos' meaning chief is evident.
Additionally, in architectural terminology, an 'arch' describes a curved structural element that spans an opening and is generally used to support weight above it, like in aqueducts and other historical Roman structures.