Final Answer:
Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative brain disease that leads to progressive and irreversible dementia and is characterized by memory loss and deterioration of other cognitive functions, including judgment and ability to reason.
The correct option is 1.
Explanation:
Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative brain condition characterized by progressive and irreversible dementia. It is marked by symptoms such as memory loss and a decline in cognitive functions like judgment, reasoning, and the ability to comprehend information. As the disease advances, individuals may experience difficulties in daily functioning due to the deterioration of cognitive abilities.
Alzheimer's disease primarily affects memory and other cognitive functions, distinguishing it from other neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and Huntington's disease.
So, the correct option is 1) Alzheimer's disease.