Final answer:
The complementary base pairs according to Chargaff's rule are adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine. These base pairs are necessary for maintaining the structure and function of DNA.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Chargaff's rule, the complementary base pairs in DNA are adenine (A) with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) with guanine (G). These base pairs adhere to specific pairing rules where A pairs with T and C pairs with G. This base pairing is due to the hydrogen bonding potential between the bases, with A and T forming two hydrogen bonds, and C and G forming three. It leads to a uniform double helix structure in DNA, with each purine (A and G) pairing with a corresponding pyrimidine (T and C), maintaining the double helix's consistent diameter.
The correct complementary base pairs based on Chargaff's rule are: 1) Adenine and Thymine and 2) Guanine and Cytosine. These rules are foundational for the preservation and replication of the genetic code during cell division, as the redundancy of base pairing ensures accurate DNA replication and function.