Final answer:
Conflict theory, associated with Karl Marx, examines how social structures are used by dominant groups to perpetuate inequality, often manipulating prejudice and discrimination to maintain control over minority groups. Historical examples include Jim Crow laws and gerrymandering, as well as modern exploitation of overseas workers by U.S. companies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Conflict theory posits that social structures and institutions are inherently unequal and contribute to the perpetuation of power differentials and social inequalities. Karl Marx, a critical figure in originating conflict theory, viewed the competition between social classes for resources and power as a driving force of social conflicts. This theoretical framework often examines the dynamics between the dominant group, typically associated with the ruling class or majority, and various minority groups. This examination unveils patterns of prejudice and discrimination that are used as tools by the dominant group to control and maintain their power over minority groups. Historical examples of such power dynamics include the implementation of Jim Crow laws and gerrymandering practices, both aimed at disadvantaging African Americans. Furthermore, conflict theory addresses issues such as how U.S. companies exploit overseas workers, who lack the constitutional protections and guaranteed minimum wages that exist in the United States.