Final answer:
The two lens systems in microscopes that magnify light are the objective lens and the eyepiece lens. These lenses work sequentially to magnify the image of the specimen, with the overall magnification being the product of the individual magnifications of these lenses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two lens systems that magnify as light passes through them are the objective lens and the eyepiece lens. In the context of microscopes, these lenses work together to form a highly magnified image of the sample being observed. The objective lens, situated near the specimen, magnifies the image which then becomes the object for the eyepiece lens. The eyepiece lens, also known as the ocular lens, further magnifies this image as the light passes through it to the viewer's eye. The overall magnification of the microscope is calculated by multiplying the magnification of the objective (mo) by the magnification of the eyepiece (me), resulting in a magnification formula m = mome.
Microscopes are essential tools in both education and research, providing images of details that are not visible with the unaided eye. The ability to adjust the magnification through different sets of ocular and objective lenses allows for versatility in viewing specimens at various levels of detail.