Final answer:
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a dense connective tissue forming the skeleton, with both flexible collagen and calcium-rich matrix offering strength and resilience. It comprises compact and spongy bone, supporting and enabling body movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bone or osseous tissue, is a specialized form of connective tissue that makes up the endoskeleton of humans and other vertebrates. Osseous tissue includes specialized cells and a matrix composed of mineral salts and collagen fibers. This tissue is predominantly made up of a combination of organic and inorganic matrix. The organic component consists mainly of collagen, which provides strength and elasticity, whereas the inorganic part is rich in mineral salts, mostly calcium salts, which contribute to the hardness of the bone yet preventing it from being brittle.
Bone tissue is classified into two main types: compact bone and spongy bone. Compact bone, also known as cortical bone, forms the hard exterior layer of all bones, while spongy bone, also known as cancellous or trabecular bone, is found on the inside and has a porous, honeycomb-like structure. The skeletal system, composed of bones and cartilage, plays essential roles in the body including support, protection, and enabling movement