Final answer:
The question compares sociology and economics in terms of their emphasis on altruism as a core motivation. Economics portrays people as self-interested, but individuals can also be altruistic. In sociology, the study of economy refers to the social institution through which resources are exchanged and managed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is comparing sociology and economics in terms of their emphasis on altruism as a core motivation. In economics, people are generally portrayed as self-interested, but it is important to note that this is a simplification and individuals can also be altruistic. Adam Smith, considered the father of modern economics, acknowledged that humans have principles in their nature that interest them in the fortune of others and render their happiness necessary to them, even if they derive nothing from it except the pleasure of seeing it. On the other hand, in sociology, the study of economy refers to the social institution through which a society's resources are exchanged and managed. While the earliest economies were based on trade, today's economic activities are more complex and involve the exchange of goods and services to meet needs and wants.