Final answer:
The correct answer is option 1. The group formed by President Nixon to stop leaks was called The Plumbers. Their illegal activities culminated in the Watergate scandal, resulting in indictments, investigations, and Nixon’s resignation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of the group working for President Nixon to stop the 'leaks' coming out of the White House was known as The Plumbers. Their operations began as an effort to prevent leaks of sensitive information that could damage the administration, specifically in the aftermath of the publication of the Pentagon Papers which raised questions about the United States' involvement in Vietnam.
However, the activities of the Plumbers quickly escalated to include various illegal acts such as bugging the offices of political opponents and orchestrating break-ins, most notably the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex—an event that eventually led to the Watergate scandal.
The term 'White House Plumbers' was coined to denote their role in 'fixing leaks'. The Plumbers included former CIA and FBI agents and engaged in a range of unethical and illegal activities including illegal wiretapping and burglaries. Their most infamous operation was the break-in at the DNC headquarters at the Watergate office complex.
President Nixon and his administration's involvement in these actions led to a massive political scandal, resulting in the indictment of several of Nixon's aides, an extensive investigation, and ultimately Nixon's resignation—the first resignation of a U.S. president in history.