Final answer:
A 'controlled substance' is a drug regulated by the Controlled Substances Act due to its potential for abuse and medicinal use. Controlled substances cover various drugs, including psychoactive substances, which can alter mood, perception, or behavior. Production, synthesis, and packaging of these drugs are regulated to prevent misuse and illegal distribution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term 'controlled substance' refers to drugs that are regulated under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) due to their potential for abuse, dependency, and addiction, as well as their therapeutic use. Controlled substances include a variety of drugs such as opioids, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and cannabis, each categorized into different schedules based on their accepted medical use and potential for abuse. The CSA outlines specific regulations with regard to the manufacture, possession, and distribution of these substances. Options 1), 2), 3), and 4) relate to the activities that are tightly regulated under the CSA, such as the production, synthesis, and packaging of controlled substances, to prevent their misuse and illegal distribution.
Psychoactive drugs, which are often controlled substances, have the ability to change brain function, resulting in changes in mood, perception, or behavior. The federal government has the right to enforce the CSA, even when a substance like marijuana may be legal for medicinal or recreational use in certain states. This creates a complex legal landscape where a substance's legality can vary from state to state, and conflict with federal law.