Final answer:
China's early modern dominance stemmed from a strong centralized government, technological advancements such as the moveable type printing press, significant economic production constituting a quarter of the world's GDP, and military strength with a substantial army and navy. Option 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
China became a powerful presence in the early modern world due to multiple factors, demonstrating an integrated power structure and society that excelled in various areas. Strong centralized government was certainly one aspect that contributed to China's power; the Qing Dynasty's unification under the royal throne is a testament to that.
Technological advancements also played a crucial role, with inventions like the moveable type printing press predating similar technology in Europe by several hundred years. This innovation facilitated the spread of information and literacy, reinforcing China's intellectual and cultural influence.
The economic prosperity of China was unparalleled at the time; during the Ming Dynasty, it was responsible for producing one quarter of the world's gross domestic product (GDP). Military strength was equally evident, with a standing army of over a million soldiers and a navy that asserted China's power across Asia.
The durable socio-economic structure, bolstered by massive trade capabilities, large-scale manufacturing, and a flourishing art scene, contributed to China's preeminence in the early modern period. Each of these factors combined to create a formidable presence on the global stage.
So Option 1.