Final answer:
To find probabilities from a dataset, identify the relevant occurrences and divide by the total possibilities. For combined traits (like wavy brown hair), find instances with both traits. In diagrams, label each probability, ensuring the sum equals 1 for the whole sample.
Step-by-step explanation:
To answer questions regarding probabilities based on a provided dataset or truth table, one must accurately interpret the data and apply the principles of probability. First, to calculate probabilities, we sum the relevant occurrences and divide by the total number of possibilities. For example, if we want to find the probability of a randomly selected child having wavy hair, we would identify the number of children with wavy hair from the dataset and divide by the total number of children. Similarly, to find the probability of a child having brown or blond hair, we would add the instances of brown and blond hair and divide by the total number of children.
When calculating the probability of a child having wavy brown hair, we would look for instances that include both wavy hair and brown color, and again divide by the total. Finally, to determine the probability that a randomly selected child with straight hair has red hair, we would find the number of children with both red and straight hair and divide by the total number of children with straight hair, not the total number of children overall.
In cases where probability diagrams, such as Venn diagrams, are involved, we label each section with the corresponding probabilities, ensuring that they sum up to 1. For the cumulative probabilities such as belonging to a club or working part time, one would add the probabilities for each scenario and subtract the overlapping probability to avoid double-counting.