Final answer:
The equation governing the longitudinal motion of a system is F = ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The equation governing the longitudinal motion of a system can be derived using Newton's second law, which states that the net force acting on an object is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration.
For an object undergoing longitudinal motion, the equation can be written as: F = ma where F is the net force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration.
This equation relates the force acting on the system to its resulting acceleration in the direction of motion. By solving for the acceleration, you can determine how the system will move longitudinally.