Final answer:
The cardiovascular system, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is responsible for transporting substances throughout the body and forming part of the circulatory system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The body system that includes the heart and blood vessels is known as the cardiovascular system. This system is critical for transporting nutrients, hormones, gases, and wastes to and from cells, thus maintaining homeostasis in the body. The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart, which acts as a pump, the blood that carries essential substances, and a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries that serve as the pathways for blood to travel throughout the body. Additionally, this system is divided into the pulmonary circulation, which transports blood between the heart and lungs, and the systemic circulation, which carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.