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Indicate the ionic species of phosphoric acid that predominates at pH 4, 8, and 11. The answer is: pH 4, H2PO4- pH 8, HPO4 2- pH 11, HPO4 2- Need an explanation and calculation why is that

User MWZ
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Final answer:

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) exists in different ionic species depending on the pH value. At pH 4, H2PO4- predominates, at pH 8 and 11, HPO4 2- predominates.

Step-by-step explanation:

Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) is a polyprotic acid, meaning it has multiple dissociation steps. At different pH values, different ionic species of phosphoric acid predominate:

  • At pH 4, the predominant ionic species is H2PO4-.
  • At pH 8, the predominant ionic species is HPO42-.
  • At pH 11, the predominant ionic species is also HPO42-.

The degree of ionization in each successive step decreases significantly, resulting in different ionic species dominating at different pH values.

User Rossum
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