Final answer:
The volume of hydrogen gas produced can be determined by converting the mass of aluminum to moles, using the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation to find the moles of hydrogen gas, and then converting the moles of hydrogen gas to volume using the molar volume at STP.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about the volume of hydrogen gas (H₂) produced from the complete reaction of a given mass of aluminum (Al) with aqueous sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) to form aqueous aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃) and hydrogen gas. To answer this, we first use the molar mass of Al to convert the mass of Al to moles. Then, using the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation, which shows that 2 moles of Al produce 3 moles of H₂, we calculate how many moles of H₂ will be produced. Lastly, since the volume of gas is requested at standard temperature and pressure (STP), we use the molar volume of a gas at STP (22.4 L/mol) to convert moles of H₂ to volume.
First, we find the moles of Al:
Moles of Al = mass of Al (g) / Molar mass of Al (g/mol).
Then, we use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to find the moles of H₂.
Lastly, we use the molar volume of a gas at STP to determine the volume of H₂:
Volume of H₂ (L) = Moles of H₂ x 22.4 L/mol.