Final answer:
Mae, being granted immunity, can testify without fear of prosecution for related crimes due to her absolute privilege against self-incrimination under the Fifth Amendment, by law enforcement after the Miranda v. Arizona decision.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Mae is granted immunity after she agrees to testify about a crime, she is afforded an absolute privilege against self-incrimination, meaning she cannot be prosecuted for any crimes related to the subject of her testimony. The Fifth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution offers protection against self-incrimination, allowing individuals to "take the Fifth" and refuse to answer questions that could lead to criminal prosecution. This privilege is further underscored by the landmark Miranda v. Arizona decision, which requires law enforcement officials to inform suspects of their right against self-incrimination during custodial interrogations. The concept of immunity is a legal tool that ensures a witness can provide testimony without fearing prosecution based on the provided evidence. This enables the legal system to gather information that might otherwise be unattainable and is crucial in upholding the balance between an individual's constitutional rights and the interests of justice.