Final answer:
The ground-state electron configuration of Tungsten (W) is [Xe]6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴.
Step-by-step explanation:
The atomic number of tungsten (W), a transition metal, is 74. To determine its ground-state electron configuration, we can use the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule. The electron configuration is a shorthand notation that represents the distribution of electrons in the various atomic orbitals.
The electron configuration of tungsten is as follows:
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴
Electron configurations are a way to represent how electrons are distributed in the energy levels and orbitals of an atom. The electron configuration of Tungsten is written by filling the orbitals according to the Aufbau principle and the Pauli exclusion principle, with the highest energy levels filled first.
In the case of Tungsten, the electron configuration starts with the noble gas configuration of Xenon ([Xe]) to represent the filled inner shells, followed by the 6s² 4f¹⁴ and 5d⁴ orbitals.
Therefore, the ground-state electron configuration of tungsten is [Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴. The "[Xe]" represents the electron configuration of xenon (a noble gas with 54 electrons) that precedes tungsten in the periodic table, indicating the core electrons that are not involved in chemical reactions.