The central idea of the excerpts varies, focusing on cultural bridging, literacy narrative, use of irony, survival instincts, and societal concerns. Each literary piece reflects its author's engagement with themes such as culture, literacy, literary dynamics, human vs. nature, and social issues of the respective time periods.
The central idea of the Dickens's excerpt appears to be the recognition and appreciation of familiar cultural elements even in foreign lands, which can bridge the gap between distinct cultures such as British and American. This contrasts with a generally critical tone of the United States elsewhere in his work, suggesting a nuanced view. As Dickens's peer reviewer, the aim would be to assess if the description and context provided are sufficient for readers unfamiliar with British culture to understand the parallels Dickens is drawing between the two cultures.
In Frederick Douglass's autobiography, the central idea seems to focus on his journey towards literacy and its importance in his life, which can be considered a literacy narrative. Douglass's detailed and emotional descriptions bring Mr. and Mrs. Auld to life, making them memorable characters in his story. His tone, language, and commentary reveal his intelligence, determination, and the transformative power of literacy in his life.
In Jane Austen's 'Northanger Abbey,' the central idea may relate to the use of irony as a literary device. Austen's seemingly detached tone and ironic commentary about her central character invites the reader to be more engaged and curious about the narrative that can present an 'unlikely' heroine.
Jack London contrasts the capacities and instincts of man and his wolf-dog companion against the backdrop of the Yukon to showcase their differing abilities to adapt and survive in the harsh environment.
Lastly, the idea of helping the poor in nineteenth-century society is explored through different perspectives. This theme is reflected in literature as authors grapple with the social, political, and economical issues of their time, influencing and being influenced by their cultural contexts.
The probable question may be:
In Frederick Douglass's autobiography, how does his journey towards literacy serve as a central idea, and what role do Mr. and Mrs. Auld play in illustrating the transformative power of literacy in his life?