Final answer:
Both oxygen and nitrogen in morphine can act as hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, with oxygen mainly serving as an acceptor due to the hydroxyl groups and nitrogen as a donor when it has a hydrogen atom attached to it.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking about the hydrogen bond donors and acceptors in morphine. In molecules like morphine, oxygen atoms typically act as hydrogen bond acceptors due to their lone pairs of electrons, while nitrogen atoms can serve as hydrogen bond donors if they have a hydrogen atom attached to them. In the case of morphine, which contains hydroxyl functional groups (consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom), these groups can donate hydrogen bonds. Additionally, the nitrogen atom in the morphine structure can also act as a hydrogen bond donor as it has a hydrogen atom attached to it.
Considering these details, the correct answer is that option 3 (Both oxygen and nitrogen can act as both hydrogen bond donor and acceptor) is the most accurate. However, in the specific context of morphine, while nitrogen can donate a hydrogen bond, the oxygen atoms are more likely to act as acceptors due to the presence of the hydroxyl groups.