Final answer:
The relationship between compounds is analyzed by considering factors like molar mass, polarity, and structure. Isomers share the same molecular formula but have different properties. Understanding the types of bonds helps in identifying the reactivity and properties of substances.
Step-by-step explanation:
To identify the relationship between two or more compounds, it is essential to consider various factors such as molar mass, polarity, and structure. The compounds in question have similar molar masses ranging from 58-60 g/mol. However, to determine their intermolecular interactions and boiling points, one has to examine their polarity because this will affect the strength of dipole-dipole interactions.
In the case of isomers, which are compounds with the same molecular formula but different properties, one compound may boil at −0.5°C and the other at −11.7°C. For carbohydrates like glucose and sucrose, determining the molecular weight is crucial since sucrose has nearly twice the size of glucose, though their empirical formulas are close. These two carbohydrates are an example of how structural differences can affect a compound's properties despite similar formulae.
Furthermore, organic substances such as NaOH and alcohols illustrate the differences between ionic and covalent bonding. An ionic compound like NaOH completely dissociates in water, while a covalent compound like alcohol does not dissociate and forms neutral aqueous solutions. Knowing the types of bonds involved, such as in equations with an H-H bond and an I-I bond, is central to understanding chemical reactivity and the properties of substances.